Echappée: A non-harmonic tone that is approached by a step from a chord tone and resolved by a leap in the opposite direction, often creating tension before resolution.
Context and Significance
Echappée is of notable importance in Western classical music, particularly in works that emphasize ornamental and expressive elements. It is commonly employed in genres like Baroque and Romantic music to enhance melodic lines. This technique is often found in piano, string, and orchestral compositions where it adds melodic interest and tension, enriching the overall musical texture.
Historical Background
The term “echappée” comes from the French verb “échapper,” meaning “to escape.” This concept was formalized in the Baroque period when composers sought to experiment with tension and resolution. Over time, it became a staple technique in Western music, particularly in the Romantic era, where emotional expression was paramount.
Examples
In J.S. Bach’s compositions, echappée can be observed as a device to create tension between stable harmonies. Beethoven also utilized this technique, as seen in his piano sonatas, where the echappée contributes to dynamic and expressive passages. These instances highlight its role in enhancing the emotional narrative of a piece.
Related Terms
Appoggiatura: A non-harmonic tone that is approached by a leap and resolved by a step.
Acciaccatura: A grace note played quickly before the main note.
Neighbor Tone: A non-chord tone that steps away from a chord tone and returns.