Formal Cadence: A sequence of chords that brings a piece of music to a sense of closure or resolution, often marking the end of a phrase or section.

Context and Significance

Formal cadence plays a crucial role in music by providing a sense of conclusion and stability. It is commonly used in classical music to delineate sections and indicate the end of musical phrases. A cadence can be found in symphonies, sonatas, and choral works, offering a clear demarcation point that guides listeners through a composition. Instruments such as the piano and violin frequently employ cadences to emphasize musical themes and transitions.

Historical Background

The concept of formal cadence can be traced back to the Renaissance period when composers began to codify musical structure. Cadences became more defined during the Baroque era, with Johann Sebastian Bach’s works exemplifying their use as pivotal components in musical form. Over time, cadences evolved, reflecting the stylistic changes in music from the Classical to Romantic periods, each era adding its nuances to the art of resolution.

Examples

Mozart’s Symphony No. 40 in G minor showcases an impeccable use of formal cadence, providing a dramatic conclusion to its movements. In Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony, cadences serve as powerful punctuation marks, reinforcing the thematic material. The use of cadences in Chopin’s Nocturnes highlights their ability to evoke emotion, underscoring the lyrical and expressive qualities of the piano.

Related Terms

Perfect Cadence: A V-I chord progression that sounds final.

Imperfect Cadence: Concludes on the V chord, creating a sense of continuation.

Plagal Cadence: Moves from IV to I, often called the “Amen” cadence.

Deceptive Cadence: Progresses from V to a chord other than I, delaying resolution.

« Back to Glossary Index