Sostenuto: A musical term indicating a style of playing notes in a sustained or prolonged manner, allowing each note to resonate and be held longer than usual.
Context and Significance
Sostenuto plays a crucial role in music by providing a rich, expressive quality to a piece. It is commonly used in both classical and contemporary compositions, often found in piano and orchestral works. The technique allows for a seamless, flowing sound, creating an emotional depth and dynamic contrast within a performance. By extending the duration of notes, sostenuto can highlight a particular melody or theme, enhancing the overall musical expression.
Historical Background
The term “sostenuto” originates from the Italian word “sostenere,” meaning “to sustain.” It became prominent in Western classical music during the Romantic era, a time characterized by heightened expressiveness and emotional intensity in compositions. Composers such as Chopin and Liszt frequently employed sostenuto to evoke a lyrical and emotive atmosphere, marking a shift from the more rigid structures of earlier periods.
Examples
Sostenuto is prominently featured in the works of composers like Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel, where it adds a lush, ethereal quality. In Debussy’s “Clair de Lune,” the sostenuto pedal on the piano is used to prolong the resonance of notes, creating a dreamy and introspective mood. Pianists such as Arthur Rubinstein have masterfully utilized sostenuto to bring out the nuances of these compositions, demonstrating its impact on musical interpretation.
Related Terms
Legato: A smooth, connected style of playing notes.
Rubato: A flexible tempo in which the performer slightly speeds up and slows down for expressive purposes.
Staccato: A detached, short style of playing notes.